Covalent Bonding
When
electrons are shared between two atoms, a covalent bond is formed. Covalent bonds typically occur between two non-metals, so that each element attains a full outer shell.
Octet Rule: When atoms combine, the bonds are formed in such a way that each atom finishes with an octet of valence electrons (except hydrogen).
Structural Diagram: The structural diagram resembles the Lewis dot diagram, except that single lines are used to represent each shared pair of electrons.
Single Covalent Bond
A single bond is formed when one pair of electrons are shared between two atoms.
ex. Provide the Lewis diagram and the Structural
diagram for (a) F2, (b) H2O. Answers are below.
Double Covalent Bond
A double bond is formed when two pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms.
ex. Provide the Lewis diagram and the Structural
diagram for O2. Answer is below.
Triple Covalent Bond
A triple bond is formed when three pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms.
ex. Provide the Lewis diagram and the Structural diagram for N2. Answer is below.
Homework:
Answers:
Examples from the Lesson:
