Molecular Dipole
We have learned that a bond between two atoms can be polar or non-polar (pure covalent). We have also learned that molecules are 3D entities. Combining these two ideas helps us to arrive at the concept of molecular dipole. So, entire molecules can either be polar or non-polar as well.
Determine Polarity
For a molecule to be polar, both of the following stipulations must be met:
1. there must be at least one polar bond in the molecule
2. the molecule must be asymmetrical
But, how do you know if a molecule is asymmetrical? Let's take a look-see:
A molecule is asymmetrical if the ẟ+ and ẟ- can be separated by a straight line. In the examples below, I have indicated whether stipulation 1 and stipulation 2 have been met. Remember - both stipulations must be met for a molecule to be considered to be polar (ie, to have a molecular dipole).
ex. H2O
Homework
Answer Key:
