Molecular Dipole
We have learned that a bond between two atoms can be polar or non-polar (pure covalent). We have also learned that molecules are 3-D entities. Combining these two ideas helps us to arrive at the concept of molecular dipole. So, entire molecules can either be polar or non-polar as well.
Determine Polarity
For a molecule to be polar, both of the following stipulations must be met:
1. there must be at least one polar bond in the molecule
2. the molecule must be asymmetrical
But, how do you know if a molecule is asymmetrical? Let's take a look-see:
A molecule is asymmetrical if the ẟ+ and ẟ- can be separated by a straight line. In the examples below, I have indicated whether stipulation 1 and stipulation 2 have been met. Remember - both stipulations must be met for a molecule to be considered to be polar (ie, to have a molecular dipole).
ex. H2O
Homework
Answer Key:
